New business models to valorise olive by-products Long unexploited or only very little, the by-products of olive oil production are full of important treasures. As part of the COLIVE projet, INRAE studied the strategies and conditions of companies in this sector for the recovery of its by-products in the Mediterranean basin. The scientists have identified that new business models are emerging that valorise residues from olive oil production for multiple uses in the context of a circular economy. Despite the often high cost of such a valorisation, various initiatives continue to emerge. For example, in Morocco, the company Aveo transforms local biomass into energy to power luxury hotels. In Spain, Elayo Group produces high-end food ingredients and cosmetics made from olive seeds, while in France, the company Méditerranée Environnement spreads crushed olive stones on the artificial turf of football stadiums, replacing rubber balls. 3. Mechthild Donner / MOISA Research Unit / ECOSOCIO Division INRAE Centre of Occitanie-Montpellier Harvesting the bounty of biomass 01.