The United Nations Environment Programme estimates that, by 2050, the global population could be consuming up to 140 billion tonnes of minerals, ore, fossil fuels, and biomass per year, a three-fold increase over current levels. Clearly, we must develop worldwide systems for transforming, exploiting, and reusing biomass to promote sustainable and purposeful usage as well as to foster greater planetary health. Harvesting the bounty of biomass Bones yield useful molecules Bones yield useful molecules Bones yield useful molecules Making rubber from tomato peelings Making rubber from tomato peelings Making rubber from tomato peelings New business models to valorise olive by-products New business models to valorise olive by-products New business models to valorise olive by-products