Intro -duction 00. Building a strong bioeconomy is crucial if we wish to achieve carbon neutrality and limit greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. This process requires us to effectively produce, mobilise, and transform biomass . We must replace our current economic model—based on fossil fuels—with a circular economy that is based on bioresources. This task requires prioritising food and feed production while simultaneously directing biomass towards the development of renewable molecules, materials, and energies, all while preserving the environment and biodiversity. In this spirit, the European Green Deal aims to boost economic growth in the EU while simultaneously limiting natural resource use, which has tripled over the last 50 years. INRAE scientists are exploring how products and byproducts can be transformed into new molecules and biomaterials with utility in a wide range of sectors, including the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, medical, chemical, agricultural, food processing, automotive, and construction industries. Biomass the biodegradable part of 1) products, residues, and waste resulting from the agricultural and forestry industries (plus related industries) and 2) industrial and household waste. Biomaterials In the context of the bioeconomy, «biomaterials» is a synonym for biobased materials; originally, biomaterials was a term exclusive to the medical industry.